ゼータ関数とイータ関数とガンマ関数

by nomura · 2020年6月22日

ゼータ関数とイータ関数とガンマ関数

(1)ゼータ関数ととガンマ関数

\[ \zeta(s)=\frac{1}{\Gamma(s)}\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{x^{s-1}}{e^{x}-1}dx \]

(2)イータ関数とガンマ関数

\[ \eta(s)=\frac{1}{\Gamma(s)}\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{x^{s-1}}{e^{x}+1}dx \]

(*)

\begin{align*} \sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{\left(\pm1\right)^{k+1}}{k^{s}} & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\pm1\right)^{k+1}\frac{\Gamma\left(s\right)}{k^{s}}\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\pm1\right)^{k+1}\mathcal{L}_{t}\left[H\left(t\right)t^{s-1}\right]\left(k\right)\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\pm1\right)^{k+1}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}H\left(t\right)t^{s-1}e^{-kt}dt\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\pm1\right)^{k+1}e^{-kt}dt\\ & =\frac{\pm1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\pm e^{-t}\right)^{k}dt\\ & =\frac{\pm1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\frac{\pm e^{-t}}{1\mp e^{-t}}dt\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\frac{1}{e^{t}\mp1}dt \end{align*} これより、

(1)

\begin{align*} \zeta\left(s\right) & =\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{k^{s}}\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\frac{1}{e^{t}-1}dt \end{align*}

(2)

\begin{align*} \eta\left(s\right) & =\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{\left(-1\right)^{k+1}}{k^{s}}\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\frac{1}{e^{t}+1}dt \end{align*}