ゼータ関数とイータ関数とガンマ関数
ゼータ関数とイータ関数とガンマ関数
(1)ゼータ関数ととガンマ関数
\[ \zeta(s)=\frac{1}{\Gamma(s)}\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{x^{s-1}}{e^{x}-1}dx \](2)イータ関数とガンマ関数
\[ \eta(s)=\frac{1}{\Gamma(s)}\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{x^{s-1}}{e^{x}+1}dx \](*)
\begin{align*} \sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{\left(\pm1\right)^{k+1}}{k^{s}} & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\pm1\right)^{k+1}\frac{\Gamma\left(s\right)}{k^{s}}\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\pm1\right)^{k+1}\mathcal{L}_{t}\left[H\left(t\right)t^{s-1}\right]\left(k\right)\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\pm1\right)^{k+1}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}H\left(t\right)t^{s-1}e^{-kt}dt\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\pm1\right)^{k+1}e^{-kt}dt\\ & =\frac{\pm1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\pm e^{-t}\right)^{k}dt\\ & =\frac{\pm1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\frac{\pm e^{-t}}{1\mp e^{-t}}dt\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\frac{1}{e^{t}\mp1}dt \end{align*} これより、(1)
\begin{align*} \zeta\left(s\right) & =\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{k^{s}}\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\frac{1}{e^{t}-1}dt \end{align*}(2)
\begin{align*} \eta\left(s\right) & =\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{\left(-1\right)^{k+1}}{k^{s}}\\ & =\frac{1}{\Gamma\left(s\right)}\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{s-1}\frac{1}{e^{t}+1}dt \end{align*}
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(*)フルヴィッツの公式
\[
\zeta\left(1-s,a\right)=\frac{\Gamma\left(s\right)}{\left(2\pi\right)^{s}}\left\{ e^{-i\frac{\pi s}{2}}\Li_{s}\left(e^{2\pi ia}\right)+e^{i\frac{\pi s}{2}}\Li_{s}\left(e^{-2\pi ia}\right)\right\}
\]
フルヴィッツのゼータ関数の定義
\[
\zeta\left(s,\alpha\right)=\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{\left(\alpha+k\right)^{s}}
\]
ゼータ関数とイータ関数の関係
\[
\eta(s)=(1-2^{1-s})\zeta(s)
\]
ζ(4k)の総和
\[
\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\zeta(4k)-1\right)=\frac{7}{8}-\frac{\pi}{4}\tanh^{-1}\pi
\]